NIOS Drugs and Medicines Class 12 Intext Questions with Answer
National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS)
Sr. Secondary, Module-8
Lession-30: Drugs and Medicines Class 12 Intext Questions with Answer
INTEXT QUESTIONS 30.1
1. Write a definition of medicines.
Answer:Medicine can be defined as any substance which is used in treating disease or illness. It may be a single substance or a mixture of different substances.
2. Most of the chemicals used in medicines are poisonous. Is this statement true or false?
Answer:Most of the chemicals used in the medicines are poisonous. This statement is absolutely true.
3. What are pharmaceuticals?
Answer:Pharmaceutical is something related to prescription drugs or pharmacies. Pharmaceuticals are chemical compound manufactured for use as a medicinal drug.
4. Name the compound which is present in the plant sarpagandha and is responsible for reducing blood pressure.
Answer:Reserpine is present in the plant sarpagandha and is responsible for reducing blood pressure.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 30.2
1. Give two examples of antipyretics.
Answer:Two examples of antipyretics are Aspirin and acetaminophen/paracetamol (Tylenol).
2. Give one example of a narcotic type analgesic.
Answer:Codeine is one example of a narcotic type analgesic.
3. What is the difference between an antiseptic and disinfectant?
Answer:The difference between antiseptics and disinfectants is that an antiseptic is applied to the living body as it kills germs, while disinfectants are applied to nonliving surfaces, such as countertops and handrails.
4. What are antacids? Name two chemicals commonly used as antacids.
Answer:Antacids are over-the-counter (OTC) medications which help neutralize stomach acid. Magnesium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate are commonly used as antacids.
5. What is the difference between local anaesthetic and general anaesthetic.
Answer:The difference between local anaesthetic and general anaesthetic is that the local anaesthetic is used where a small area of the body is numbed and patient remains fully conscious. It is often used during minor procedures while the general anaesthetic is used where patient is totally unconscious and unaware of the procedure – often used for more serious operations.
6. Define antibiotics. Give one example of an antibiotic.
Answer:The antibiotic is the type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. Penicillin is an example of an antibiotic which is used in the treatment of pneumonia.
7. Which type of medicines are usd in hey-fever, itching of eyes; nose and throuts.
Answer:Antihistamines or antiallergic are used in hey-fever, itching of eyes; nose and throuts.
8. What is the use of tranquilizers and hypnotics?
Answer:Use of tranquilizers and hypnotics are given below-
Tranquilizers: The Tranquillizer is the drug which is used to reduce anxiety, fear, tension, agitation, and related states of mental disturbance.
Hypnotic: The hypnotics are the medications which are used to induce, extend, or improve the quality of sleep, and to reduce wakefulness during sleep.
9. Give one example of a tranquilizer.
Answer:Benzodiazepines is one example of a tranquilizer.
10. What are contraceptives?
Answer:The contraceptives are the medicines which are used for prevention of pregnancy. Mestranol can be used for this purpose.
11. What are over the counter medicines?
Answer:Over the counter medicines(OTC) These terms refer to the medicine which we can buy without a prescription. Examples- Cough syrup, Paracetamol etc.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 30.3
1. What type of change take place on storage the fat & oil?
Answer:On storage of fat and oil get oxidised, the taste and smell are changed and become rancid which is a chemical change.
2. Write the name of preservative used with soft drinks.
Answer:Sodium benzoate(PhCOONa) preservative is used with soft drinks.
3. What change will take inner body on taking exercise sugar (N).
Answer:Excess consumption of natural sugar in the diet can cause a range of conditions, including heart disease, tooth decay, weight gain, and diabetes.
