Cell Division: Cellular Reproduction, Mitosis, and Meiosis
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Mitosis and meiosis are both types of.
a) prokaryotic cell division.
b) eukaryotic cell division.
c) blue-green algae.
d) cytokinesis.
e) binary fission.
View Answer
b) eukaryotic cell division.
2. Nuclear division is characterized by chromosome duplication and the formation of two practically identical daughter nuclei known as.
a) mitosis.
b) meiosis.
c) cytokinesis.
d) chromatin.
e) binary fission.
View Answer
a) mitosis.
3. Cytokinesis is the division of the.
a) nucleus.
b) centromere.
c) chromatin.
d) cytoplasm.
e) nucleolus.
View Answer
d) cytoplasm.
4. Before a diploid eukaryotic cell begins to divide, the ----- must divide.
a) nucleus.
b) nuclear membrane.
c) cell wall.
d) chromosomes.
e) buds.
View Answer
d) chromosomes.
5. A eukaryotic cell is dividing only during a brief portion of its life. During most of a cell’s life it is consuming things, excreting things, growing, and metabolizing. The time when the cell is not dividing is termed.
a) interphase.
b) prophase.
c) metaphase.
d) anaphase.
e) telophase.
View Answer
a) interphase.
6. Mitosis has begun when two small cylindrical bodies, the ----- that lie just outside the nucleus, begin to move apart. They are present in animal cells, but they are not present in cells of most higher plants.
a) chromosomes.
b) chromatin.
c) centrioles.
d) chlorophylls.
e) carotenes.
View Answer
c) centrioles.
7. During prophase, all the ----- composing the ----- coils and condenses into tighter bundles.
a) DNA, centromeres.
b) DNA, spindle fibers.
c) DNA, chromosomes.
d) DNA, asters.
e) RNA, centromeres.
View Answer
c) DNA, chromosomes.
8. During mitosis in a diploid cell when the DNA is all wound up, the chromosomes can be seen as two long, distinct.
a) centromeres.
b) chromatins.
c) asters.
d) chromosomes.
e) chromatids.
View Answer
e) chromatids.
9. The two identical chromatids are held together by the same ----- during mitosis in a diploid cell.
a) chromosome.
b) chromatid.
c) centromere.
d) centriole.
e) cell membrane.
View Answer
c) centromere.
10. As the centrioles move, each to its opposite pole, a system of thin strands of ----- form around the centrioles in all directions.
a) fibers.
b) mucus.
c) syncytia.
d) coenocytes.
e) endosperm.
View Answer
a) fibers.
11. Some centrioles link up with the fibers from the opposite centriole, and these are called the -----. The others radiating around each centriole are collectively called the.
a) chromatids, centromere.
b) spindle fibers, chromatids.
c) asters, spindle fibers.
d) spindle fibers, asters.
e) syncytia, coenocytes.
View Answer
d) spindle fibers, asters.
12. During -----, the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
a) interphase.
b) prophase.
c) metaphase.
d) anaphase.
e) telophase.
View Answer
c) metaphase.
13. Metaphase is very brief, lasting only as long as all the chromosomes are attached to their centromeres while lined up along the.
a) nuclear membrane.
b) cell membrane.
c) opposite poles.
d) equator.
e) coenocytes.
View Answer
d) equator.
14. The moment each centromere divides and they all begin to move to opposite poles, each carrying one of the chromatids, metaphase is over and the next phase, which is -----, has begun.
a) interphase.
b) prophase.
c) metaphase.
d) anaphase.
e) telophase.
View Answer
d) anaphase.
15. During anaphase, when the centromeres have split, there is now twice the number of independent ----- in the cell.
a) centromeres.
b) centrioles.
c) zygotes.
d) spindle fibers.
e) chromosomes.
View Answer
e) chromosomes.
16. During anaphase, each chromosome appears to be dragged along by its -----, which is attached to a spindle fiber.
a) centromere.
b) centriole.
c) cytokinesis.
d) syncytia.
e) coenocytes.
View Answer
a) centromere.
17. At the end of anaphase, the division of the cytoplasm, or -----, begins.
a) syncytia.
b) coenocytes.
c) synapsis.
d) cytokinesis.
e) interphase.
View Answer
d) cytokinesis.
18. During telophase, the following happens:
a) Cytokinesis is complete, and the nucleolus reappears.
b) The nuclear membrane forms, and the chromosomes uncoil.
c) Each set of single-stranded chromosomes is at its respective pole.
d) Cytokinesis is completed, and the chromosomes uncoil.
e) All of the above.
View Answer
e) All of the above.
19. In animal cells, cytokinesis begins with the formation of an indentation or ----- that forms all the way around the cell.
a) cell plate.
b) equatorial plane.
c) endosperm.
d) cleavage furrow.
e) coenocyte.
View Answer
d) cleavage furrow.
20. When cells come together, exchange genetic material, and then separate, this is known as -----.
a) mitosis.
b) meiosis.
c) binary fission.
d) gametogenesis.
e) conjugation.
View Answer
e) conjugation.
21. Cells specialized for sexual union are known as -----.
a) sex cells.
b) centrioles.
c) bacteria.
d) centromeres.
e) conjugals.
View Answer
a) sex cells.
22. Most multicellular organisms have two different types of sex cells known as -----.
a) gonads.
b) testes.
c) ovaries.
d) gametes.
e) eggs.
View Answer
d) gametes.
23. Sex cells are produced by a specific series of cell divisions known as -----.
a) mitosis.
b) binary fission.
c) meiosis.
d) conjugation.
e) gonadogenesis.
View Answer
c) meiosis.
24. When a nucleus has two of each type of chromosome, the cell is said to be -----.
a) a gamete.
b) a chromosome.
c) diploid.
d) haploid.
e) polyploid.
View Answer
c) diploid.
25. Two haploid cells, known as -----, unite in fertilization, forming a -----.
a) zygotes, gamete.
b) zygotes, chromosome.
c) coenocytes, gamete.
d) syncytia, zygote.
e) gametes, zygote.
View Answer
e) gametes, zygote.
26. Cells that undergo meiosis are.
a) somatic cells.
b) germ cells.
c) cheek cells d) hair follicles.
e) intestine cells.
View Answer
b) germ cells.
27. Examples of cells that undergo mitosis are.
a) somatic cells.
b) germ cells.
c) cheek cells.
d) a and b.
e) a and c.
View Answer
e) a and c.
28. The pairing of homologous chromosomes during prophase I is called.
a) synapsis.
b) metaphase.
c) fission.
d) parthenogenesis.
e) telophase.
View Answer
a) synapsis.
29. Four ----- are lined up forming a ----- during synapsis, providing an opportunity for genetic material to recombine in new ways.
a) germ cells, genetic recombination.
b) chromatids, tetrad.
c) chromatids, synapsis.
d) tetrad, synapsis.
e) homologous pairs, parthenogenesis.
View Answer
b) chromatids, tetrad.
30. During synapsis, it is possible that the chromatids may exchange segments of genetic material, a process called.
a) synapsis.
b) parthenogenesis.
c) homology.
d) crossing over.
e) interphase.
View Answer
d) crossing over.
31. During -----, homologous chromosomes pair up and move toward the equatorial plane of the spindle.
a) mitosis: telophase.
b) mitosis: anaphase.
c) meiosis: prophase I.
d) meiosis: metaphase II.
e) meiosis: anaphase II.
View Answer
c) meiosis: prophase I.
32. In mitosis, ----- begins when each centromere carrying its double-stranded chromosome divides and each single-stranded chromosome starts moving toward the opposite poles of the spindle.
a) interphase.
b) prophase.
c) metaphase.
d) anaphase.
e) telophase.
View Answer
d) anaphase.
33. Instead of an interphase, the brief intervening period after meiosis I and before the commencement of meiosis II is called.
a) interphase I.
b) interphase II.
c) prophase I.
d) prophase II.
e) interkinesis.
View Answer
e) interkinesis.
34. At the ends of the chromosomes are regions of repetitive DNA called ----- that protect the chromosomes from fusing with neighboring chromosomes, and these regions also protect the chromosomes from deteriorating.
a) karotin.
b) telomeres.
c) centrioles.
d) asters.
e) spindle fibers.
View Answer
b) telomeres.